research topics in health economics

Health Economics Thesis Topics

This page provides a comprehensive list of health economics thesis topics , offering students a variety of research ideas covering healthcare policy, health insurance, public health economics, and the economics of healthcare innovation. The 200 topics are divided into 10 categories, addressing current challenges, recent developments, and future directions in health economics. In addition to the topic list, the page includes an in-depth article on the scope of health economics thesis topics and introduces iResearchNet’s professional writing services, designed to assist students throughout their thesis-writing process.

200 Health Economics Thesis Topics and Ideas

Health economics examines the allocation of resources within healthcare systems, evaluating the costs and outcomes of various health interventions. With rising healthcare expenses, technological advancements, and increased demand for equitable access to care, the field offers numerous research opportunities. The following list presents 200 health economics thesis topics, divided into 10 categories with 20 topics in each. These topics reflect current issues, recent developments, and future directions in health economics, allowing students to explore diverse and impactful research areas.

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Get 10% off with 24start discount code, 1. healthcare policy and reform.

The economic impact of universal healthcare systems.
Comparing the efficiency of public vs. private healthcare delivery models.
Economic evaluation of healthcare reforms in developed countries.
Health outcomes of Medicaid expansion in the U.S.
Analyzing healthcare spending and fiscal sustainability.
The role of government intervention in healthcare markets.
Evaluating policy incentives for healthcare providers.
Cost-benefit analysis of primary care reform.
The economic impact of national health insurance reforms in emerging economies.
Evaluating healthcare policies aimed at reducing health disparities.
The effect of health reforms on access to specialized services.
Analyzing the financial sustainability of long-term care policies.
Economic implications of decentralizing healthcare services.
Evaluating the impact of healthcare vouchers on patient choice.
How healthcare policies influence hospital efficiency.
The economic effects of delayed healthcare reforms.
The role of public-private partnerships in health sector development.
Cross-country comparison of healthcare financing models.
The economic impact of pharmaceutical pricing regulations.
Cost containment strategies in public healthcare systems.

2. Health Insurance and Risk Management

The role of health insurance in reducing out-of-pocket expenses.
Analyzing the impact of insurance coverage on healthcare utilization.
Risk pooling in health insurance markets: A theoretical perspective.
Evaluating the effect of employer-provided health insurance on labor markets.
Comparative analysis of single-payer vs. multi-payer systems.
The impact of deductibles on healthcare-seeking behavior.
Insurance premiums and access to care: An economic analysis.
The economics of catastrophic health insurance.
The role of reinsurance in stabilizing health insurance markets.
Health insurance coverage and preventive care utilization.
Analyzing risk selection and adverse selection in insurance markets.
The economic impact of mandatory health insurance policies.
Health insurance market failures and government intervention.
The impact of income-based subsidies on insurance uptake.
Behavioral responses to health insurance incentives.
The role of health savings accounts in healthcare spending.
Evaluating the effectiveness of high-risk pools in insurance markets.
Economic modeling of healthcare co-payment structures.
Comparing public and private health insurance performance.
The economic impact of introducing telemedicine in insurance coverage.

3. Public Health Economics

The cost-effectiveness of vaccination programs.
Analyzing the economics of pandemic preparedness.
The role of economic incentives in promoting healthy behavior.
Economic modeling of obesity prevention programs.
Evaluating the effectiveness of smoking cessation policies.
The economic impact of substance abuse prevention initiatives.
Analyzing the economic burden of non-communicable diseases.
Public health interventions to reduce maternal and infant mortality.
The economic case for school-based health programs.
Evaluating the economic impact of water sanitation policies.
The role of public health campaigns in reducing healthcare costs.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of community health centers.
Economic implications of mental health promotion initiatives.
Evaluating the effectiveness of sugar taxes on public health.
Modeling the economic benefits of flu vaccination programs.
The economic impact of air pollution on public health.
The role of public health policies in preventing chronic diseases.
Evaluating healthcare costs related to aging populations.
The economics of urban health interventions.
Analyzing the economic burden of antimicrobial resistance.

4. Behavioral Economics and Healthcare

The role of nudges in improving patient adherence to treatment.
Behavioral economics and healthcare decision-making under uncertainty.
The impact of framing effects on health insurance uptake.
Analyzing the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in smoking cessation.
The role of financial incentives in promoting healthy eating habits.
The economics of overconfidence in medical decision-making.
Behavioral biases and their impact on healthcare costs.
The role of regret aversion in preventive healthcare decisions.
Evaluating the impact of default options in organ donation policies.
Analyzing time-inconsistent preferences in weight-loss programs.
Behavioral interventions to increase vaccination rates.
The economics of procrastination in healthcare seeking behavior.
The role of mental accounting in healthcare spending.
Analyzing the effectiveness of gamification in promoting physical activity.
The impact of social norms on patient compliance.
Behavioral economics and end-of-life care decisions.
The effect of choice overload on health insurance selection.
The role of peer influence in health-related behaviors.
Evaluating the impact of loss aversion on health interventions.
Behavioral economics and the management of chronic diseases.

5. Healthcare Inequality and Accessibility

The economics of healthcare disparities across income groups.
Evaluating the impact of rural-urban disparities on healthcare outcomes.
Access to healthcare among marginalized populations: An economic analysis.
The economic impact of gender inequality in healthcare.
Analyzing the effectiveness of policies targeting healthcare inequality.
Racial and ethnic disparities in health outcomes: A cost analysis.
The role of social determinants of health in healthcare accessibility.
Evaluating healthcare outcomes for uninsured populations.
The impact of geographic barriers on access to care.
The economic implications of delayed access to primary care.
The role of telemedicine in reducing healthcare disparities.
Analyzing the impact of healthcare inequality on productivity.
Access to mental health services in underserved communities.
The economics of disability and healthcare accessibility.
Evaluating the effectiveness of health outreach programs.
The economic case for reducing healthcare disparities.
Healthcare accessibility during public health emergencies.
The role of transportation subsidies in improving access to care.
Evaluating the impact of digital health solutions on healthcare access.
The economics of policy interventions to improve healthcare equity.

6. Economic Evaluations of Healthcare Interventions

Cost-effectiveness analysis of cancer screening programs.
Economic evaluation of antiviral treatments for pandemics.
Comparing the cost-utility of generic vs. branded drugs.
Economic analysis of telemedicine in rural healthcare settings.
The cost-effectiveness of home-based care for chronic diseases.
Economic modeling of vaccination programs for infectious diseases.
Evaluating the cost-benefit of integrated healthcare delivery systems.
The economics of robotic-assisted surgeries.
Cost-effectiveness of digital health interventions for diabetes management.
Assessing the value for money of mental health programs.
Analyzing the economic impact of palliative care programs.
Comparing the economic outcomes of inpatient vs. outpatient care models.
Evaluating healthcare interventions aimed at reducing hospital readmissions.
The economic feasibility of community-based healthcare interventions.
Cost-benefit analysis of public vs. private maternal health programs.
Economic modeling of lifestyle interventions for obesity prevention.
Cost-effectiveness of disease management programs in healthcare.
Evaluating the financial impact of smoking cessation programs.
Cost-effectiveness of early diagnosis programs for Alzheimer’s disease.
The role of cost-effectiveness analysis in healthcare decision-making.

7. Pharmaceutical Economics

The impact of drug price controls on healthcare affordability.
Analyzing the economics of patent-protected drugs.
The role of generic drugs in reducing healthcare costs.
Evaluating the effect of pharmaceutical innovation on healthcare outcomes.
The economic impact of orphan drug development.
Pharmaceutical pricing strategies in international markets.
Cost-effectiveness of biosimilar drugs in chronic disease management.
Analyzing the role of public funding in pharmaceutical research.
The impact of direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising.
Economic modeling of drug distribution in low-income countries.
The role of competition in pharmaceutical pricing.
Analyzing the impact of drug shortages on healthcare systems.
The economics of vaccine development and distribution.
Evaluating the impact of health technology assessments on drug pricing.
Cost-benefit analysis of personalized medicine in oncology.
The role of pharmacy benefit managers in controlling drug costs.
The impact of pharmaceutical subsidies on patient adherence.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship programs.
The role of big data in pharmaceutical economics.
Evaluating the economic impact of new drug delivery systems.

8. Health Technology and Innovation Economics

The economic impact of telehealth on healthcare access.
Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of wearable health technologies.
Economic modeling of artificial intelligence in healthcare.
The role of blockchain technology in healthcare systems.
Cost-benefit analysis of remote patient monitoring systems.
The impact of electronic health records on healthcare efficiency.
Evaluating the economics of robotic process automation in hospitals.
The role of 3D printing in reducing healthcare costs.
Economic implications of precision medicine.
The economics of virtual healthcare delivery models.
Analyzing the impact of health data analytics on patient outcomes.
The role of innovation in reducing surgical costs.
The economics of mobile health (mHealth) applications.
Economic evaluation of personalized healthcare solutions.
The financial impact of AI-based diagnostic tools.
Cost-effectiveness of technology-enhanced rehabilitation programs.
The role of health information exchanges in improving care quality.
Economic analysis of augmented reality tools in medical training.
Evaluating the economic impact of predictive analytics in healthcare.
The role of innovation clusters in healthcare technology development.

9. The Economics of Mental Health

Analyzing the economic burden of depression on healthcare systems.
Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of early mental health interventions.
The impact of workplace mental health programs on productivity.
Cost-benefit analysis of community-based mental health services.
The role of telepsychiatry in reducing mental health disparities.
Economic modeling of substance abuse treatment programs.
Evaluating the financial impact of mental health promotion campaigns.
The economics of integrating mental health into primary care.
Cost-effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy for anxiety disorders.
The impact of stigma on mental health service utilization.
Economic implications of untreated mental illnesses.
Analyzing the role of insurance coverage in mental health access.
Evaluating the impact of social support systems on mental health outcomes.
Economic evaluation of school-based mental health programs.
The role of mobile apps in improving mental health outcomes.
Cost-effectiveness of medication-assisted therapy for addiction treatment.
The financial impact of stress-related disorders on healthcare systems.
Economic modeling of mental health crisis intervention services.
Evaluating the economic impact of suicide prevention programs.
The role of behavioral economics in promoting mental health adherence.

10. Global Health and Economic Development

Analyzing the economic impact of infectious disease outbreaks.
The role of healthcare infrastructure in economic resilience.
Evaluating the impact of healthcare access on economic productivity.
Economic modeling of international health aid programs.
The economics of healthcare workforce migration.
The role of universal health coverage in promoting economic growth.
The economic impact of malnutrition on child development.
Evaluating the effectiveness of global vaccination campaigns.
Economic implications of health disparities in developing countries.
The role of microfinance in improving healthcare access.
Evaluating the financial sustainability of global health programs.
The economic impact of climate change on public health.
The role of international organizations in health policy development.
Analyzing the impact of pandemics on global trade and development.
Economic evaluation of maternal health programs in low-income countries.
The role of water and sanitation investments in public health outcomes.
The impact of healthcare innovation on global health disparities.
Evaluating the economic benefits of disease eradication programs.
The role of public health systems in fostering economic stability.
Economic modeling of healthcare responses to global health crises.

This extensive list of 200 health economics thesis topics provides students with a diverse range of research opportunities, spanning healthcare policy, public health, technology innovation, and global health economics. These topics allow students to explore real-world challenges, develop impactful solutions, and contribute to the advancement of health economics theory and practice. Whether focusing on healthcare reforms, mental health economics, or the impact of technology on healthcare systems, students have the chance to make meaningful contributions to the field.

The Range of Health Economics Thesis Topics

Health economics is an essential field that examines the allocation of resources in healthcare systems, the economic impacts of public health interventions, and the financial implications of healthcare policies. As healthcare systems face rising costs, changing demographics, and technological innovations, students exploring health economics thesis topics have the opportunity to engage with both theoretical models and practical issues. This article discusses the scope of health economics research by examining current challenges, recent trends, and future directions. These areas highlight the diversity of health economics thesis topics available for students and their importance in addressing pressing global healthcare needs.

Current Issues in Health Economics

Several key challenges are shaping the focus of health economics today, and students selecting health economics thesis topics can contribute to addressing these real-world problems. Healthcare policy and reform are critical areas as governments worldwide seek to balance healthcare quality, affordability, and accessibility. Research in this field explores the economic impact of policy changes, such as the introduction of universal healthcare or reforms targeting healthcare financing. Students might investigate the cost-effectiveness of different healthcare policies or assess how reforms affect health outcomes and equity.

Health insurance and risk management represent another major area of focus. With healthcare costs continuing to rise, insurance systems play a crucial role in reducing financial risk and ensuring access to care. Topics in this domain could include evaluating the performance of public and private insurance models, analyzing the effects of co-payments on healthcare utilization, or studying how behavioral economics influences insurance uptake.

Public health economics is also a high-priority research area. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the importance of public health interventions, highlighting the need for cost-effective prevention strategies. Students working on public health economics topics can explore the economic benefits of vaccination programs, analyze the costs of pandemic preparedness, or evaluate policies that address chronic diseases such as obesity and diabetes.

Recent Trends in Health Economics

In recent years, new developments and technologies have driven innovation in health economics, opening exciting research avenues for students. Behavioral economics in healthcare is one such trend, focusing on how psychological factors influence decision-making in health contexts. Research in this area helps design interventions that improve patient adherence to treatments or encourage healthy behaviors. For example, students might explore the effectiveness of nudges in increasing vaccination uptake or evaluate how default options impact organ donation rates. Behavioral economics offers valuable insights into optimizing healthcare delivery through small but impactful changes in patient behavior.

Health technology and innovation economics is another growing area of research. Telemedicine, wearable health devices, and artificial intelligence (AI) tools are transforming the way healthcare services are delivered. Students exploring these health economics thesis topics can analyze the cost-effectiveness of telehealth in rural areas, investigate the economic impact of AI-driven diagnostics, or evaluate the benefits of wearable technologies in chronic disease management. These innovations promise to improve efficiency and accessibility, making them vital areas for future economic analysis.

Pharmaceutical economics also remains a key research focus, with topics ranging from drug pricing strategies to the economic implications of pharmaceutical innovation. Students might examine the role of generic drugs in reducing healthcare costs, analyze the economic impact of direct-to-consumer pharmaceutical advertising, or evaluate policies aimed at improving access to life-saving medications. With pharmaceutical expenditures making up a significant portion of healthcare budgets, research in this area is crucial for developing sustainable healthcare systems.

Future Directions in Health Economics

Looking forward, several emerging areas will shape the future of health economics, offering students diverse and impactful research opportunities. The economics of mental health is becoming increasingly important, with growing awareness of the economic burden associated with untreated mental health conditions. Topics in this area could explore the cost-effectiveness of early mental health interventions, evaluate the impact of telepsychiatry on service delivery, or assess the economic implications of mental health stigma on access to care. As mental health becomes a global priority, research in this field will contribute to improving outcomes and reducing costs.

Global health and economic development is another promising area for future research. With the world facing challenges such as pandemics, health disparities, and climate change, students working on global health economics thesis topics can address critical issues at the intersection of health and development. Topics might include analyzing the economic impact of infectious disease outbreaks, evaluating the role of healthcare infrastructure in economic resilience, or studying the financial sustainability of global health programs. This research is essential for developing policies that promote both public health and economic growth.

Finally, economic evaluations of healthcare interventions will continue to be a key area of focus as healthcare providers and policymakers seek to allocate resources efficiently. Students might explore the cost-benefit of robotic-assisted surgeries, analyze the economic impact of lifestyle interventions for obesity prevention, or evaluate the value for money of mental health programs. As healthcare systems face increasing budget constraints, research in this area helps ensure that resources are used effectively to improve health outcomes.

The range of health economics thesis topics reflects the complexity and relevance of the field in addressing global healthcare challenges. From healthcare policy reforms and public health interventions to behavioral economics and pharmaceutical innovation, students have a wealth of research opportunities to explore. Selecting a topic aligned with their interests allows students to engage deeply with real-world healthcare issues and contribute meaningful insights to the field. Health economics research not only advances academic knowledge but also plays a vital role in developing policies and practices that promote health, equity, and sustainability in healthcare systems worldwide.

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Home » Blog » Dissertation » Topics » Economics » Health Economics » 99 Health Economics Dissertation Topics | Research Ideas

99 Health Economics Dissertation Topics | Research Ideas

By Adam in Economics , Health Economics

Health economics has gained widespread academic popularity due to the growing incidence of the healthcare sector and the changing lifestyles worldwide. This dynamic and evolving field offers many opportunities for students seeking to make a real impact with their research. If you’re an undergraduate, master’s, or doctoral student interested in a list of dissertation topics […]

Health Economics, also known as Medical Economics or Healthcare Economics, relates to analyzing several interacting factors that differentiate health provision as a good distinct from other commodities in the market. Health economics research topics deal with the supply and demand side of healthcare and its budgeting decisions.

In this blog post, we’ll not only introduce you to the captivating world of Health Economics but also inspire you to explore a range of compelling dissertation topics that hold the potential to shape the future of healthcare so, if you’re ready to combine the power of economics with the realm of healthcare to address pressing issues and drive meaningful change, read on. Your thesis journey begins here, and the possibilities are limitless. This page shows a compilation of health economics topics to provide the reader with relevant ideas to use as starting points to choose among different alternatives in writing a paper.

Download health-economics Dissertation Example Pdf

A list of health economics dissertation topics:.

The following list is a compilation of the most relevant topics this year for health economics:

Healthcare workforce planning and its economic implications.

Cost-benefit analysis of health promotion campaigns in emerging markets.

Health economics of aging populations: A comparative study.

Lifestyle intervention programs and impact on health care sector in the UK- an economic analysis.

Balancing accessibility and sustainability: Pharmaceutical pricing policies.

Health care Policies in the UK- Economic rationale and justification.

Health economics of nutrition and food security: A global review.

Addressing health inequalities: An economic examination of vulnerable populations.

Economics of telehealth adoption in humanitarian crises.

Telemedicine: Economic evaluation and expanding access to care.

Evaluating the economic value of palliative care services.

Economic evaluation of health insurance expansion in emerging economies.

Health economics of aging populations in low-resource settings.

Economic challenges in managing chronic diseases: A health economics perspective.

The UK health policy and impact on immigrants’ health- an exploratory investigation.

How economically viable are early screening and diagnostic tools for ovarian cancer- perspectives from the UK.

Lack of insurance, priority health condition, and the economy- who bears what?

The role of health economics in global health governance.

Health economics of infectious disease control measures globally.

A cost-based analysis of family planning programs and interventions at public levels in emerging economies.

A review of the impact of social integration on health patterns and healthcare in the UK.

Optimizing resource allocation for maternal and child health economics.

Economic evaluation of disaster preparedness and response in healthcare.

Healthcare expenditure analysis in the context of aging populations.

Technological innovation and transaction costs- an economic analysis for the healthcare sector in the UK.

Economics of precision medicine: Innovations and affordability.

Health economics of aging populations: Lessons from developed countries.

Teen pregnancies- analysis of economic consequences of government interventions in Europe.

Evaluating the financial impact of universal health coverage initiatives.

Respiratory care- antecedents and implications for the UK healthcare sector.

The economics of obesity prevention programs: A global perspective.

Economic evaluation of climate change adaptation strategies in public health.

Economic evaluation of mental health care delivery models.

Economic analysis of health promotion campaigns worldwide.

Economic implications of medical tourism for host countries.

Pharmaceutical market access and drug affordability in low-income nations.

Care support programs for people with dementia- investigation of choices and decisions.

Economic analysis of telemedicine adoption in underserved regions.

Economic evaluation of healthcare information technology adoption.

Healthcare expenditures and health outcomes in developing regions.

Efficiency of healthcare markets in post-conflict regions: An economic study.

Economic analysis of healthcare privatization: Global perspectives.

Economics of mental health services delivery in low-income countries.

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of disease prevention programs globally.

Pharmaceutical market access and drug affordability in developing economies.

The economics of disaster preparedness and response in healthcare.

An economic perspective on the UK’s National Health Service program and policies.

The economic impact of mental health stigma reduction strategies.

The role of health economics in shaping healthcare policies for aging societies.

HIV counseling intervention programs in the UK- an economic justification in the context of outcomes.

Healthcare financing models and their impact on healthcare outcomes.

Economic implications of antimicrobial resistance worldwide.

Health economics of maternal and child health interventions worldwide.

Analyzing resource allocation and efficiency in healthcare systems.

The role of health economics in addressing global health disparities.

The impact of child education on parents life expectancies- evidence from literature.

The impact of the economic environment on individual life expectancy- a comparative review of developed and emerging economies.

Healthcare resource allocation in resource-limited settings.

Pharmaceutical pricing and access in post-conflict nations.

Economics of telemedicine adoption in rural and underserved areas.

Analyzing the economic burden of infectious diseases in developing countries.

The impact of health inequalities on healthcare utilization in developing countries.

Pharmaceutical pricing policies in developed and developing nations.

Economic evaluation of healthcare infrastructure investment.

Cost-benefit analysis of telehealth adoption in modern healthcare systems.

Breast cancer screening policy in the UK healthcare sector- antecedents, practical implications and outcomes.

Evaluating the economic consequences of climate change on health outcomes.

The role of health economics in shaping healthcare quality improvement.

Pharmaceutical innovation and drug pricing strategies.

Healthcare expenditure trends and economic impact in fragile states.

Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of pediatric vaccination programs globally.

The causal relationship between fertility clinics and health insurance in the UK- an investigation.

Analyzing healthcare expenditures and health outcomes in Latin America.

Pharmaceutical regulation and access challenges in emerging markets.

Analyzing the efficiency of healthcare delivery in developing countries.

Economics of health behavior change interventions: A global perspective.

The economics of healthcare workforce migration and retention.

Health insurance- a review of key elements, rationale, and economic justification.

Economic impact of environmental factors on public health.

The impact of health economics on healthcare policy decision-making.

Impact of health insurance on healthcare utilization: A global perspective.

Cultural orientations and burden on mental health care services in the UK- analysis of literature.

The impact of technological innovation on healthcare costs in the UK- a review of Ambulatory Surgery Centers.

Does street-level bureaucracy have an impact on the UK healthcare sector? Analysis of literature.

Pharmaceutical pricing and market access: A comprehensive review.

Economic evaluation of chronic disease prevention programs worldwide.

Healthcare financing models and universal access: A cross-country analysis.

Economic implications of aging populations in emerging markets.

Pharmaceutical pricing and access challenges in fragile states.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of maternal and child health programs.

Healthcare resource allocation in the context of global health emergencies.

The economic justification for using different prostate cancer diagnostic tools in the UK.

Healthcare workforce planning and economic sustainability in resource-limited settings.

Economic evaluation of community health worker programs.

Economic burden of non-communicable diseases in low-income countries.

Analyzing health system efficiency through economic indicators.

Analyzing the efficiency of healthcare markets in developed nations.

Economic consequences of health insurance expansion: A comparative study.

Cost-benefit analysis of telepsychiatry services in mental healthcare.

Economic consequences of health inequality reduction strategies.

The role of health economics in healthcare technology assessment.

Assessing the impact of the Bundled Care Payment Initiative- literature review.

Evaluating the economic value of health information exchange systems.

Underage drinking in the UK and influences from government and healthcare interventions- literature analysis.

A systematic discussion of the relevance of big data in healthcare decision-making in the UK.

There you go. Use the list of health economics dissertation topics well, and let us know if you have any comments or suggestions for our topics-related blog posts for the future or want help with dissertation writing; send us an email at [email protected] .

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Home » Blog » Dissertation » Topics » Economics » 80 Health Economics Research Topics

80 Health Economics Research Topics

For students embarking on the journey of thesis or dissertation research, the world of health economics offers a vast expanse of intriguing and pertinent topics. Health economics, a multidisciplinary field at the intersection of economics and healthcare, provides a rich landscape of issues and challenges that beckon aspiring researchers. Whether you’re an undergraduate, pursuing a master’s degree, or working towards your doctoral level, health economics research topics are diverse and dynamic. In this blog post, we will delve into a curated list of research topics, ensuring that you find a subject that aligns with your academic aspirations and scholarly interests.

Health Economics, also called “medical economics” and “healthcare economics,” is the study of how resources in the healthcare sector are allocated, utilized, and distributed to maximize health outcomes while considering efficiency and equity.

A List Of Potential Research Topics In Health Economics:

Analyzing the economic consequences of Brexit on the UK healthcare system.
Evaluating the efficiency of healthcare supply chain management in reducing costs.
Assessing the financial sustainability of social care policies in the UK.
Assessing the economic sustainability of pandemic preparedness and response strategies.
Investigating the role of health insurance coverage in improving access to essential healthcare services.
Analyzing the economic burden of non-communicable diseases on national healthcare systems.
Investigating the role of economic incentives in promoting healthy behaviors.
Evaluating the economic implications of population aging on healthcare systems.
Examining the economic impact of health insurance market competition on premiums.
Evaluating the efficiency of healthcare delivery systems in reducing healthcare costs.
Evaluating the economic consequences of healthcare workforce shortages in urban areas.
Investigating the economic consequences of health technology assessments on drug pricing.
A systematic review of the impact of health insurance on healthcare access and utilization.
Assessing the long-term financial implications of increased healthcare debt due to COVID-19.
A comparative analysis of healthcare financing systems across different countries.
Assessing the role of health information technology in improving patient outcomes.
Examining the impact of healthcare financing mechanisms on healthcare quality.
Assessing the economic consequences of healthcare disparities in underserved rural communities.
Investigating the economic factors influencing patient compliance with medication regimens.
Assessing the financial consequences of medical device regulation on innovation.
Examining the impact of health shocks on household financial stability.
Optimal health insurance contracts in health economics and game theory .
Investigating the effectiveness of health economic models in healthcare decision-making.
Analyzing the economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare systems and health outcomes.
Evaluating the efficiency of hospital readmission reduction strategies.
Evaluating the economic impact of healthcare quality improvement initiatives.
Examining the economic impact of medical tourism on destination countries.
Evaluating the financial implications of integrating mental health services into primary care settings.
Investigating the role of social determinants of health in healthcare disparities.
Assessing the financial implications of healthcare payment reform initiatives.
A systematic review of cost-effectiveness studies in a specific healthcare domain (e.g., cancer treatment).
Measuring the economic consequences of delayed or forgone non-COVID healthcare services during the pandemic.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of precision medicine in rare disease treatment.
Examining the impact of healthcare privatization on healthcare access and quality.
Assessing the financial implications of medical bankruptcy on individuals and families.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of mental health parity laws on access to care.
Investigating the role of health economic evaluations in healthcare resource allocation.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of school-based health programs for adolescents.
Assessing the financial implications of healthcare data breaches on privacy and security.
Examining the impact of COVID-19 on healthcare disparities and access to care.
Examining the efficiency and equity of healthcare resource allocation in low-income countries.
A historical analysis of healthcare policy changes and their economic impacts.
Examining the economic consequences of pharmaceutical industry mergers and acquisitions.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of obesity prevention and treatment programs.
The impact of inflation on healthcare spending in health economics and monetary economics.
Assessing the economic benefits of workplace wellness programs.
Examining the economic impact of pharmaceutical advertising on prescription drug utilization.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of telehealth interventions for mental health disorders.
Assessing the economic benefits of investing in health education and awareness campaigns.
Analyzing the effectiveness of behavioral interventions in promoting COVID-19 vaccination uptake.
Evaluating the impact of Brexit on pharmaceutical supply chains and pricing.
Evaluating the role of government policies in shaping healthcare resource allocation post-pandemic.
Assessing the cost-effectiveness of different vaccination strategies in preventing infectious diseases.
Examining the impact of pharmaceutical pricing policies on healthcare expenditure and patient access.
Examining the equity implications of vaccine distribution strategies in a post-COVID world.
Examining the role of health economics in global health policy development.
Investigating the economic impact of healthcare workforce migration on source countries.
Evaluating the effectiveness of value-based pricing in pharmaceuticals.
Investigating the economic factors influencing healthcare worker migration within the UK.
Assessing the economic implications of medical malpractice reform on healthcare costs.
Assessing the impact of health technology assessments on resource allocation in the UK.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of palliative care services in end-of-life healthcare decisions.
A critical assessment of the methodologies used in health economic evaluations.
Investigating the cost-effectiveness of telemedicine in post-COVID healthcare delivery.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of health promotion and prevention programs in the UK.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of early intervention programs for children with developmental delays.
Investigating the effectiveness of nurse practitioners in primary care service delivery.
Investigating the economic factors influencing healthcare worker retention and burnout post-COVID.
Evaluating the economic implications of public-private partnerships in UK healthcare provision.
Examining the effectiveness of health promotion programs in reducing tobacco consumption.
Investigating the role of healthcare financing models in the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) efficiency.
An exploration of the ethical considerations in health economic decision-making.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of preventive healthcare interventions in reducing chronic disease burdens.
Evaluating the economic consequences of healthcare fraud and abuse.
Investigating the economic impact of telemedicine adoption on healthcare utilization among elderly populations.
Analyzing the role of economic incentives in reducing health inequalities within the UK.
Analyzing the cost-effectiveness of personalized medicine in cancer treatment.
Assessing the economic benefits of investing in early childhood nutrition programs.
A comprehensive review of the evolution of health economics as a discipline.
Evaluating the economic consequences of antibiotic resistance on healthcare expenditure.

In your pursuit of academic excellence, the world of health economics offers many opportunities for impactful research. Whether you are an undergraduate, a master’s student, or a doctoral candidate, the diverse spectrum of health economics research topics invites you to explore, investigate, and contribute to the ever-evolving field of healthcare economics. As you embark on your research journey, consider the issues we’ve highlighted for your respective degree levels, and remember that pursuing knowledge in this field not only advances your academic career but also contributes to the betterment of healthcare systems worldwide.

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ISPOR 2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends Report

2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends Report - Cover

The “ISPOR 2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends” marks the fifth publication of the Society’s biennial report, which is based on input from its members and strategic curation from its Health Science Policy Council.

A summary of the ISPOR 2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends and the full report are both available below. This report is the fifth publication for this initiative that is now published as a biennial report.

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2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends

Executive summary....

ISPOR—The Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) continues to monitor healthcare trends and conduct horizon scanning around the world. The “ISPOR 2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends” marks the fifth publication of the Society’s biennial report, which is based on input from its members and strategic curation from its Health Science Policy Council.

Real-world evidence (RWE) appears again as the #1 trend in this report. RWE has made the trends list for 4 of 5 reports and has appeared as #1 in the 3 most recent reports. The use of RWE in healthcare decision making is becoming ever more tangible and is increasingly used to augment randomized controlled trials.

Drug pricing is also a recurring theme, appearing as #2 in this report. Drug pricing has appeared in some form in each of the past trends reports. In the United States, the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) brings a systemic change by introducing drug price negotiations for Medicare. While the IRA directly impacts the United States, it may also impact the rest of the world since US drug profits have historically funded much of the innovation in new drug development.

Artificial intelligence (AI) returns to the trends list as the #3 trend in this report. AI has entered the public conversation in a pronounced way as many people are becoming comfortable with ChatGPT as a tool in their daily lives. AI and machine learning are also employed in HEOR in a variety of ways to gain valuable insights.

A new topic for this report and appearing as the #4 trend— fostering innovation —focuses on the balance of incentivizing the development of innovative, new technologies with affordable pricing. Health equity returns as the #5 trend, having first appeared in the previous report. Accelerated drug approvals returns to the trends list as #6, having first appeared in the inaugural 2018 report. Value measurement appears as #7 in this report and has appeared in some form in the past 3 trends reports. Patient centricity comes in as #8 in this report. Precision medicine returns to the trends list as #9, having previously appeared in the 2019 and 2020 reports. And public health is the #10 trend after first appearing in the 2022-2023 report during the pandemic.

The field of HEOR continues to grow in importance as healthcare systems throughout the globe face increasing pressures. HEOR provides invaluable data to core healthcare stakeholders—including researchers and academicians, assessors and regulators, payers and policy makers, the life sciences industry, healthcare providers, and patients—to help inform and improve healthcare decisions for all. ISPOR’s members will continue their vital work on these and other HEOR-related topics towards fulfilling the Society’s mission to improve healthcare decisions for patients around the world .

#1 Real-World Evidence...

Real-World Evidence: Leveraging the Power of RWE

Coming in at #1 once more as a top 10 trend, real-world evidence (RWE) has become “real,” as it starts to play a very tangible role in healthcare decision making. Research using RWE provides many benefits that cannot be derived from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) alone.

RWE studies can present a more realistic view of patients and health outcomes in practice by offering insights into real people in the real world. RWE is more inclusive as it comprises data from a wide and diverse group of patients. Additionally, RWE studies can be conducted much more quickly than RCTs, providing another realistic option for generating evidence to answer questions about the safety and effectiveness of products.

As RWE continues to gain significant traction in healthcare, agencies including the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the European Medicines Agency (EMA), The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), and Canada’s Drug and Health Technology Agency (CADTH) have recently released guidance on different aspects of RWE generation and use. Key topics have been data quality, fit-for-purpose use, registries, and external control arms. Other important areas of focus for RWE have been methods and conditions supporting reliable causal inference as well as use of RWE as part of the “totality of evidence” supporting a new product or indication, and reporting of study process and results. In 2023, the EMA published a report of its studies using RWE, as EMA and the European medicines regulatory network work to establish a sustainable framework to enable the use of RWE and prove the value of RWE across different regulatory use cases. 1

One example of how RWE has been used in regulatory scenarios also marks the first time RWE was used in the United States as primary evidence of efficacy. In 2021, RWE was used for a new indication of tacrolimus for prevention of organ rejection in lung transplants, relying on data from a noninterventional (observational) treatment arm, where tacrolimus was used off-label, compared to historical controls, with both arms drawn from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients. 2

RWE is a key strategic initiative for ISPOR. In polling its members on RWE, the Society found that particular topics of interest were transparency of study processes; improved capture of outcomes; analysis methods such as causal inference; data quality definitions; and defining what makes data “fit for purpose.”

Much of ISPOR’s work in RWE has focused on the important area of transparency in RWE studies, ISPOR has published “ Good Practices for Real-World Data Studies of Treatment and/or Comparative Effectivene ss.” 3 In partnership with the International Society for Pharmacoepidemiology (ISPE), the Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy, and the National Pharmaceutical Council, ISPOR conducts the Real-World Evidence Transparency Initiative . Through this Initiative, a report was published in Value in Health that encourages routine registration of noninterventional RWE studies used to evaluate treatment effects, and the Real-World Evidence Registry was launched to promote a culture of transparent reporting for RWE studies on treatment effects.

The Society organized an ISPOR Summit on RWE in 2023, held in collaboration with ISPE and the Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy. A summary of the Summit outcomes can be found in the Value & Outcomes Spotlight article, “ Real-World Evidence: From Frameworks to Practice .”

#2 Drug Pricing...

Drug Pricing: Regulating, Negotiating, and Creating Transparency in Drug Prices

Drug pricing continues to be a global issue in healthcare, and concern over the impact of high prices continues to grow, pushing this trend from #6 in the previous report to #2 in the 2024-2025 report.

Discussion has been driven by policies such as the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in the United States, under which the US Medicare program will be entering negotiations with manufacturers over the prices of 10 high-expenditure drugs, as well as the European Union pharmaceutical strategy, which is proposing several ways to improve access and affordability. 4,5

Higher prices and high demand for novel therapies put pressure on national healthcare systems to ensure access while still maintaining budgets. One example of this is the demand for the weight-loss drug Wegovy (semaglutide), which some researchers say could significantly impact healthcare spending in the United States. The cost of Wegovy already has private and government insurers balking at coverage. 6

The IRA introduces a seismic change in the United States, marking the first time the government will be engaging in drug price negotiations. Initially, the prices of 10 drugs—Eliquis (apixaban), Jardiance (empagliflozin), Xarelto (rivaroxaban), Januvia (sitagliptin), Farxiga (dapagliflozin), Entresto (sacubitril/valsartan), Enbrel (etanercept), Imbruvica (ibrutinib), Stelara (ustekinumab), and Fiasp/NovoLog (insulin aspart)—will be negotiated for Medicare purposes 8 to 10 years into their marketing period, before their patent expiration would normally create generic competition, with 10 to 15 more drugs to undergo price negotiation each year until 2030.7 In Europe, the Joint Clinical Assessment (EU-JCA) is a strategy that will launch in 2025 to evaluate oncology therapies and new advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) and, by 2030, will be used to evaluate all centrally approved medicines for reimbursement. A number of experts believe that the EU-JCA will have a beneficial impact on patients’ access to medicines, especially in countries with lower relative healthcare budgets.

The ultimate effects of both pieces of legislation are yet to be seen. While the IRA directly impacts the United States, it will also impact the rest of the world since drug profits in the United States have historically funded much of the innovation in new drug development. According to the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), the drug industry lobbying group in the United States, economists are predicting investments in research and development (R&D) will shrink, along with the number of small-molecule drugs reaching the market, and there will be less R&D on existing medicines after they are approved.8 In addition to the EU-JCA, the European Commission’s draft pharmaceutical legislation has provisions that would affect numerous aspects of how pharmaceuticals are regulated in Europe, including reducing intellectual property protection from 8 to 6 years. 9 While it proposes that intellectual property protection could be extended if new drugs reach country markets quickly, a study in the Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research theorizes that unless the lag between marketing authorization and reimbursement tightens up, “it may be extremely challenging for manufacturers to negotiate reimbursement across the EU [European Union] within the timeframe proposed by the European Commission.” 10

This is an issue that ISPOR and the global health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) community will be following closely and is a prominent topic in the Society’s conferences, summits, journals, and educational offerings .

#3 Artificial Intelligence...

Artificial Intelligence: Using AI and Advanced Analytics in Healthcare

Rising to #3 in the 2024-2025 report from #10 in the previous report is the use and impact of artificial intelligence (AI). On everyone’s mind is the impact of OpenAI’s ChatGPT, which has made many people comfortable with using AI as a tool in their daily lives.

ChatGPT leads the wave in large language models (LLMs), which are a type of software tool involving artificial neural networks trained using self-supervised learning and semi-supervised learning from information scraped from the Web. These LLMs can be used as a writing support—for example, helping clinicians write their practice notes—but also can be used to summarize large amounts of clinical data.

In health economics, these machine learning (ML) algorithms can be employed to look at data in various ways that can help researchers and payers better understand the safety and effectiveness of treatment. ML algorithms could also be used to build physician diagnostic tools, act as a quality check on human work (such as physicians’ assessments on radiology exams), or build apps that can be used to self-manage conditions (such as for low back pain or schizophrenia). 11,12

For health economics and outcomes research (HEOR), ML algorithms can organize and structure complicated or high-volume data in ways that can yield insights for improving healthcare decisions. ML is also being used to perform literature reviews, write statistical code, and develop models.

ISPOR’s Good Practices Report on machine learning identified 5 methodological areas where ML could enhance HEOR: (1) Cohort selection, identifying samples with greater specificity with respect to inclusion criteria; (2) Identification of independent predictors and covariates of health outcomes; (3) Predictive analytics of health outcomes, including those that are high-cost or life-threatening; (4) Causal interference through methods, such as targeted maximum likelihood estimation or double debiased estimation, helping to produce reliable evidence more quickly; (5) Application of ML to the development of economic models to reduce structural, parameter, and sampling uncertainty in cost-effectiveness analysis. 13

At the ISPOR 2023 annual international conference, the Signal Series session, “ Larger, Deeper, and in Real Time: Applications of Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing on Electronic Health Records to Learn From the Patient Journey at Scale ,” featured 3 case studies and sought to describe the pragmatic impact of applying ML and natural language processing to electronic health records to generate and accelerate insights. 14 Audience polling conducted during the session found many of those who attended would prefer that the AI they use be assistive (helping patients make decisions and acting as a second set of eyes for clinicians and researchers) rather than autonomous (AI making clinical treatment decisions that impact patient care and outcomes). The conference itself had AI as one of its main themes.15 In addition to the Signal session, other AI-focused sessions included the second plenary, “ AI Wants to Chat With You: Accept or Ignore? ” and the third plenary, “ Issues and Solutions When Estimating Treatment Effects Using US Electronic Health Record Data .”

#4 Fostering Innovation...

Fostering Innovation: Financing Innovative Health Technologies

A new topic for the 2024-2025 report, the ability to foster innovation, is vital for bringing new health technologies to the market and patients in need. However, the balance of affordable pricing and incentivizing innovation continues to be an ongoing conversation.

Innovation is needed because significant unmet needs exist in many disease states. Medical breakthroughs can bring important new drugs to patients with unmet needs, but they often carry hefty price tags. One example is the gene therapy, Hemgenix (etranacogene dezaparvovec-drlb), approved in 2022 in the United States for the treatment of hemophilia B, which has a list price of $3.5 million. 16,17 Additionally, new therapies that impact a wide swath of the population can help many patients, but also have a disruptive impact on payers’ budgets. Leqembi (lecanemab-irmb), given traditional approval by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2023 for mild-to-moderate Alzheimer’s disease, is estimated to cost taxpayers $82,500 per patient per year, on average, 18,19 for genetic tests and frequent brain scans, safety monitoring, and other care, according to the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER).

Additionally, some areas of medicine desperately require innovation, but are not getting the necessary attention due to lack of financial incentives for drug development. A prime example of this is the search for new treatments for drug-resistant bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens. The World Health Organization published a global research agenda for antimicrobial resistance in human health in 2023, identifying 40 research topics for evidence generation to inform policy by 2030. 20

In broad ways, the government can help foster innovation in drug development. In 2022, US President Joe Biden issued the “Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy” to invest in foundational scientific capabilities, such as genetic engineering technologies and techniques, and to bolster and coordinate federal investment in key research and development areas of biotechnology and biomanufacturing to help further societal goals. 21 In 2022, US Representatives Mike Levin (D-CA) and John Joyce (R-PA) introduced the bipartisan Drug Manufacturing Innovation Act 22 to foster innovation in drug manufacturing by building on the FDA’s Emerging Technology Program. 23

ISPOR has addressed the need for fostering innovation through its conferences and other events. “ New Insights Into ATMP Valuation and Outcomes-Based Pricing Experience ” looked at how the Danish healthcare system approached advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs) valuation and developed an innovative outcomes-based pricing agreement between pharma and payers. 24 “ Venture Capital Investment: Upstream Decision Making on Value in Healthcare ” explored how venture capital identifies innovation and value. 25 And “ Beyond Cost-Effectiveness: Defining and Mapping Out Innovation at NICE ” 26 examined the UK’s National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) creation of its 5-year strategy for 2021 to 2026, which is intended to help the life sciences industry seeking market access for their technologies, provide guideline recommendations for healthcare providers and commissioners that incorporate up-to-date evidence and data, and give patients improved access to healthcare technologies as well as new ways of engaging and using patient and public opinion to inform the evidence base for guidance development .

#5 Health Equity...

Health Equity : Addressing Healthcare Disparities

Returning to the trends report is health equity, which was also included in the 2022-2023 report. The World Health Organization defines health equity as the absence of unfair, avoidable, or remediable differences among groups of people and highlights that health equity is achieved when everyone can attain their full potential for health and well-being. 27 This can be viewed at the population, subpopulation, and individual levels.

Health equity has become an increasingly important topic in health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) and in broader healthcare research. The American Hospital Association notes that disparities in health contribute to lower life expectancies (as much as 25 years between neighborhoods in some US cities) and higher rates of preventable conditions such as diabetes, some cancers, and obesity in rural areas. 28

According to the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, integrating health equity in research and clinical practice means applying frameworks that center on fairness, opportunity, quality, and social justice to promote well-being and health. 29 Beyond seeking decreases in health disparities, health equity needs to measure the attainment of aspirational goals to achieve the best possible health for all populations. There are recent methods in health economic evaluation that help identify the equity effects of new treatments, such as distributional cost-effectiveness analysis. 30

These measuring methods continue to spark debates, such as when limited health dollars should be spent on new treatments that improve equity versus those that could provide larger overall gains in health, or how equity should be measured, whether across race, gender, income level, unmet need, or some other dimension.

Application of social determinants of health (SDoH) to HEOR is increasing. The World Health Organization defines SDoH as the nonmedical factors that influence health outcomes, such as the conditions in which people are born, grow, work, live, and age, and the wider set of forces and systems shaping the conditions of daily life, including economic policies and systems, development agendas, social norms, social policies, and political systems. 31 These factors, both positive and negative, can include income and social protection, education, unemployment and job insecurity, working life conditions, food insecurity, housing, and access to affordable health services of decent quality.

The US Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion looks at SDoH as part of its Healthy People 2030 initiative. 32 HHS sorts SDoH into 5 domains: economic stability, education access and quality, healthcare access and quality, neighborhood and built environment, and social and community context. 33

#6 Accelerated Drug Approvals...

Accelerated Drug Approvals: Developing Evidence for Regulatory Use

Accelerated drug approvals returns as a trend after making its appearance in the 2018 trends report. There is tremendous pressure to bring innovative new therapies to market as soon as possible. Much of this pressure is due to the significant unmet need in rare diseases where often no viable treatments currently exist.

Many new drugs coming to market fit into this accelerated approval category. In 2022, 24 of the 37 Center for Drug Evaluation and Research’s novel drug approvals, or 65%, used one or more expedited programs, such as Fast Track, Breakthrough Therapy, Priority Review, or Accelerated Approval.34 One of many drugs approved recently in the United States under the the Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) accelerated approval process is Krazati (adagrasib) for adult patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. 35

In the European Union, of the 89 medicines approved by the European Medicines Agency in 2022, 5 were under accelerated assessment, 9 received conditional marketing authorizations, and 5 received approvals under extraordinary circumstances. 36

To speed up the process, these accelerated approvals tend to be based on limited clinical evidence, such as shorter-term trials, or surrogate markers as an indication of treatment activity. For example, the FDA’s surrogate endpoint table includes reduction in amyloid beta plaques as a surrogate endpoint for accelerated approval of Alzheimer’s disease drugs; percent change in anti-FXa activity, from baseline to nadir, for anticoagulant reversal; and pathological complete response for solid tumors. 37

Some therapies have good early surrogate marker results that may or may not result in better long-term outcomes. Health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) can play a critical role in filling in the evidence gaps for these accelerated-approval therapies in ways such as obtaining supportive evidence from real-world data to supplement clinical trial data. This can be particularly critical as drug makers are often not conducting, or are slow to conduct, confirmatory studies. After analyzing 30 years of FDA and National Institutes of Health data, National Public Radio reported in 2022 that 42% of currently outstanding confirmatory studies, or 50 of them, either took more than a year to begin following accelerated approval or had not started at all.38 Additionally, 19 of those required studies had not started 3 years or more after accelerated approval, and 4 of them had not started more than 10 years later.

This necessary limited clinical evidence for accelerated approvals results in a “value story” with a lot of uncertainty due to the limited evidence. In some cases, subsequent HEOR research can validate surrogate markers with clinical outcomes data and bring greater confidence to the use of these markers as indicators of efficacy. This could be done by following people taking the treatment after the trials and using methods that estimate causal effects, which can help confirm that the health intervention is actually responsible for the outcome. HEOR validation of surrogate markers can also provide parameters for outcomes-based agreements that allow for coverage of treatments with uncertain effectiveness.

Although not to the same extent, accelerated approvals can also be an issue for medical devices and digital health apps. While these approvals typically require less evidence as part of the regulatory process, HEOR can be applied to augment the evidence there as well .

#7 Value Measurement...

Value Measurement: Assessing Value and QALY Alternatives

Measuring and assessing value is a vital topic, especially as many health systems move toward value-driven care. The quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) is a common measure used in healthcare that assesses the length and quality of life. Although the QALY is used by many health technology assessment agencies, it has also been criticized as undervaluing quality of life for people with chronic conditions, people with disabilities, and older people.

This measure has encountered pushback in the United States with the US Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) that explicitly prohibits the use of QALYs in drug price negotiations, stating “the secretary shall not use evidence from comparative clinical effectiveness research in a manner that treats extending the life of an elderly, disabled, or terminally ill individual as of lower value than extending the life of an individual who is younger, non-disabled, or not terminally ill.” According to the Brookings Institute, “The IRA’s codified prohibition against using QALYs was included to express Congressional intent that all patients’ lives matter equally and should be weighted equally in value determinations.” 39

There have been several efforts to address these issues with the QALY. The ISPOR Value Flower includes other important aspects of value such as severity of disease, equity, and value of hope, as well as other individual and societal considerations. 40 The Generalized Risk-Adjusted Cost-Effectiveness (GRACE) approach incorporates risk aversion in people’s preferences, uncertainty in treatment outcomes, and many of the Value Flower elements, as well as some others, in a single economic measure. Among other things, GRACE addresses some of the QALY-related concerns for chronically ill and disabled populations.

A new way to measure individual-specific value is the Online Personal Utility Function (OPUF), a new type of online survey for valuing EQ-5D-5L health states using more efficient, compositional elicitation methods, which even allow estimating value sets on the individual level. 41 OPUF puts the patient directly into generating their own utility measure for cost-effectiveness analysis. Additionally, there is the evLYG, which was introduced in 2018 by the Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER). While this measure eliminates bias against disabled or chronically ill people, it may undervalue some quality-of-life gains. Another measure that has been proposed is “ Health Years in Total .”

ISPOR is very active in this discussion with value assessment as a frequent topic in its conferences, journal articles, and education. Recent publications include Value in Health’s “T he History and Future of the ‘ISPOR Value Flower’: Addressing Limitations of Conventional Cost-Effectiveness Analysis .” The paper, which received an award as the 2023 Value in Health Paper of the Year, was coauthored by Peter J. Neumann, ScD, Louis P. Garrison, PhD, and ISPOR’s Chief Science Officer Richard J. Willke, PhD .

#8 Patient Centricity...

Patient Centricity: Engaging Patients in Healthcare Research

Patient centricity continues to be an important topic for the 2024-2025 report. While there is broad acceptance of the importance of putting patients at the center of healthcare research, clinical research is still being conducted without patient engagement.

In health economics and outcomes research (HEOR), it is essential to place patients at the core and with the focus on the patient’s experience of a healthcare intervention. The benefits of patient-centered research are many, including understanding the patient journey and experiences, identifying patient preferences, gaining insight into what patients consider to be “success” in treatment, and knowing what side effects they are willing to tolerate as part of their treatment.

Considerable progress has been made in establishing patient centricity in research, with more government guidance published about how to engage patients in regulatory processes and decision making. The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has engaged in a series of patient engagement initiatives, 42 including developing a series of 4 methodological patient-focused drug development guidance documents to address, in a stepwise manner, how stakeholders can collect and submit patient experience data and other relevant information from patients and caregivers for medical product development and regulatory decision making. EUnetHTA, in its “Guidance on Patient & Healthcare Professional Involvement,” recommends that the Joint Clinical Assessment planned to facilitate cross-country collaboration on health technology assessment in Europe includes meaningful participation by patients to reflect their views on coverage and reimbursement decisions. 43

A number of organizations across the world are advancing the issue of patient engagement. The European Patients’ Academy on Therapeutic Innovation (EUPATI) seeks to improve health outcomes through the contribution of patients and patient representatives. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) is the leading funder of patient-centered comparative clinical effectiveness research in the United States. EURORDIS—Rare Diseases Europe is a nonprofit alliance of more than 1000 rare disease patient organizations from 74 countries. The National Health Council promotes increased access to affordable, high-value, sustainable, equitable healthcare. The Latin America Patients Academy (LAPA) seeks to build the capacity of patient organization leaders throughout the region. And Patient Voice Initiative is working towards improving the patient voice in the Australian health system.

Even in light of this progress, much work remains. Too often, patients are not included or are not included early enough in research. Health equity (including social determinants of health) is also an important patient-centered research concept in that treatments should be tested in populations where there is the greatest unmet need, often consisting of underrepresented minorities. Other notable considerations include: patient experience data (data that come from and are important to the patient), patient-generated health data, real-world evidence, electronic health records, and measurements of successful patient engagement.

At ISPOR, patient engagement in HEOR is a key strategic initiative. Recent publications include “ A Roadmap for Increasing the Usefulness and Impact of Patient-Preference Studies in Decision Making in Health ,” which appeared in Value in Health . The January 2023 issue of Value in Health dedicated a themed section to “ The Patient Journey .” And the November/December issue of Value & Outcomes Spotlight focused on Patient Centricity in HEOR .

#9 Precision Medicine...

Precision Medicine: Applying HEOR to Personalized Medicine

As medical research brings innovative new therapies to market, the trend of individualized treatment, referred to as personalized medicine (precision medicine when the treatment itself is targeted to an individual based on their specific characteristics), continues to grow in importance.

The terms are often used interchangeably, but noted in the article “Precision and personalized medicine: What their current definition says and silences about the model of health they promote,” 44 personalized medicine incorporates broader dimensions than those explored in practice in precision medicine. Precision medicine is based on a biomedical or biological model that is largely aimed at characterizing individuals by their biological characteristics. Personalized medicine is based on a biopsychosocial model, which defines individual health by considering at least 3 complementary dimensions: the biological, psychological, and social dimensions. It is more comprehensive, more precise, and more personal because it considers a person in multiple dimensions.

Personalized medicines continue to be an important component of pharmaceutical pipelines. According to the Personalized Medicine Coalition, in 2022, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved 12 personalized medicines, representing approximately 34 percent of all newly approved therapeutic molecular entities. Personalized medicines accounted for at least a quarter of new drug approvals for each of the last 8 years. 45 Part of developing these targeted treatments is continuing to update knowledge of human, animal, and bacterial genetic codes.

Far and away, oncology remains the top area for precision medicine, which researchers in the June 2021 Journal of Personalized Medicine characterized as “essential for the modern care of a patient with cancer.” 46 2021 marked 20 years since the publication of the first draft of the human genome project, and while precision medicine techniques have become standard for the treatment of some cancers, editors at The Lancet note that “as precision medicine in oncology expands to include big data, proteomics, transcriptomics, molecular imaging, and more, there are serious challenges ahead to translate that ideal into meaningful and equitable healthcare for patients. Issues surrounding rising costs, adequate clinical trial design and data, regulation, defining meaningful benefits to patients, and equity remain to be solved.” 47

There are regional challenges to instituting precision medicine. In India for example, the adoption of precision medicine is growing, driven by technological advancements, increased accessibility to genetic testing, and the increasing demand for personalized healthcare. 48 Yet, access to advanced diagnostic tests is limited in some cities and the expense of treatment and limited insurance coverage makes it unaffordable for many patients.

ISPOR often focuses on precision medicine as a topic in its conferences and publications. The Society’s Precision Medicine and Advanced Therapies Special Interest Group published a report, “ Being Precise About Precision Medicine: What Should Value Frameworks Incorporate to Address Precision Medicine? ” 49 that calls for building consensus among stakeholders for value measures, aligning reimbursement processes of precision mechanism and subsequent treatment, establishing transparent expectations for evidence requirements and study designs matched to the intended use of the precision mechanism and to the smaller target patient populations, and recognizing the potential range of value-generation .

#10 Public Health...

Public Health: Bringing Economic Evaluation to Public Health Policies

Public health once again appears on the Top 10 HEOR Trends after making its first appearance in the previous report in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. Other intense global challenges—climate change, social unrest, war, and economic recession—continue to underscore the need for public health, as these challenges result in both morbidity and mortality.

According to the World Health Organization, between 2030 and 2050, climate change is expected to cause approximately 250,000 additional deaths per year from malnutrition, malaria, diarrhea, and heat stress.50 In the 2022 report of the Lancet Countdown, while heat-related deaths increased by 68% between 2000-2004 and 2017-2021, changing climate is affecting the spread of infectious diseases, putting populations at higher risk of emerging diseases and co-epidemics. 51 And according to the CDC Foundation, while everyone will be affected by climate change, marginalized communities, with historically low funding and inadequate health and economic infrastructure, are the least prepared to deal with the health impacts. 52 Growing the body of evidence for the impact of climate change on public health will require a multidisciplinary approach. 53

Social unrest—specifically riots, looting, and violence— can have a detrimental effect on public health and the healthcare system. The US Department of Health and Human Services points out that civil unrest can affect the ability for healthcare staff to safely commute to work; patient and staff access to the emergency department and other healthcare services; emergency medical services safety and hospital access; and patient and staff safety around and inside the hospital. 54

Economic recession can also be linked to reductions in life expectancy. A study published by the Bank of International Settlements investigated the link between recessions and mortality using historical data covering 180 countries over 6 decades, and found that recessions are associated with a highly significant increase in mortality, primarily in emerging market economies (EMEs), and within EMEs, child mortality rates in particular. 55 In Italy, the “Great Recession” in 2008 had a lingering effect, with the country having lost almost 1 year of life expectancy 10 years after the crisis. 56

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Methodology - Developing the Top 10 HEOR Trends...

ISPOR —The Professional Society for Health Economics and Outcomes Research (HEOR) is an international, multistakeholder, scientific and educational nonprofit organization that is recognized globally as the authority in HEOR and its use in decision making to improve health. ISPOR is the primary source for scientific conferences, peer-reviewed and MEDLINE ® -indexed publications, good practices guidance, education, collaboration, and tools/resources in the field. As the leading professional society in HEOR, ISPOR is uniquely positioned to provide direction on trends in the field. ISPOR’s Health Science Policy Council and Chief Science Officers, Richard J. Willke, PhD and Laura T. Pizzi, PharmD, have led efforts in developing this list of the “ISPOR 2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends.”

The ISPOR Health Science Policy Council serves as an advisory council to the Board of Directors to ensure that the Society addresses key research issues in outcomes research. The Health Science Policy Council was established in 2004 and is composed of invited members, including ISPOR past presidents, Avedis Donabedian Lifetime Achievement Award honorees, and other key thought leaders from the ISPOR membership base. In addition to its involvement in the HEOR trends initiative, the Health Science Policy Council also serves as an advisory body for the Society through horizon-scanning efforts and critical review and oversight of proposals for ISPOR’s Good Practices Reports.

The Health Science Policy Council includes 3 key committees—the Policy Outlook Committee, the Science Research Committee, and the Task Force Review Committee. These committees are co-chaired by Health Sciences Policy Council members and include representatives from other ISPOR groups, including the Institutional Council, Faculty Advisor Council, Health Technology Assessment Council, Patient Council, Education Council, Latin America Consortium, Asia Consortium, Central and Eastern Europe Consortium, Africa Network, Arabic Network, the Editors-in-Chief of Value in Health, and ISPOR’s Chief Science Officer.

Comprehensive exploration to generate a “long list” of potential topics was conducted by examining HEOR-related topics at a variety of industry conferences (including ISPOR conferences and other industry events), articles in scientific journals, research/industry blogs, and articles in trade publications.

Review and Vetting ISPOR’s Health Science Policy Council (including its committees) reviewed and vetted the “long list” to generate a “short list” of potential HEOR trends for consideration.

A survey of ISPOR members was conducted to rate the topics curated by the Health Science Policy Council. The survey captured input from thought leaders to prioritize the topics the respondents viewed as most important over the upcoming 2-year time frame. Respondents also provided their input on subtopics related to certain themes that added nuance to the topic summaries. Notably, subtopics for the #1 trend—Real-World Evidence—included the following in order of priority: transparency of study process, improved capture of outcomes, analysis methods (eg, causal inference), data quality definitions, defining fit-for-purpose use, replicability of study results, communication/interpretation of results, and interoperability of data sources.

Finalization The Health Science Policy Council and its committees reviewed and finalized selections for the Top 10 list based on the survey results .

References...

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18. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA converts novel Alzheimer’s Disease treatment to traditional approval. Press release. July 6, 2023. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-converts-novel-alzheimers-disease-treatment-traditional-approval

19. Allen A. The real costs of the new Alzheimer’s drug, Leqembi—and why taxpayers will foot much of the bill. Healthwatch. CBS News. August 1, 2023. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.cbsnews.com/news/alzheimers-drug-leqembi-cost-patients-taxpayers/

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21. White House. Executive Order on Advancing Biotechnology and Biomanufacturing Innovation for a Sustainable, Safe, and Secure American Bioeconomy. WH.gov. September 12, 2022. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2022/09/12/executive-order-on-advancing-biotechnology-and-biomanufacturing-innovation-for-a-sustainable-safe-and-secure-american-bioeconomy/

22. Levin M, Joyce J. Drug Pricing Innovation Act. House of Representatives. March 3, 2022. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://levin.house.gov/imo/media/doc/Drug%20Manufacturing%20Innovation%20Act.pdf

23. Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. Emerging Technology Program. Food and Drug Administration. July 13, 2023. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/center-drug-evaluation-and-research-cder/emerging-technology-program

24. New insights into ATMP valuation and outcomes-based pricing experience. ISPOR Signal Program. September 27, 2022. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.ispor.org/conferences-education/conferences/past-conferences/signal-series/signal-2022-8

25. Venture capital investment: upstream decision making on value in healthcare. ISPOR Signal Program. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.ispor.org/conferences-education/conferences/past-conferences/signal-series/signal-2021-05

26. ISPOR Signal in Brief. Beyond cost-effectiveness: defining and mapping out innovation at NICE. Value & Outcomes Spotlight . Vol 7. No 6. November/December 2021. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.ispor.org/publications/journals/value-outcomes-spotlight/vos-archives/issue/view/finding-the-best-and-brightest-getting-a-leg-up-on-the-race-for-talent/beyond-cost-effectiveness-defining-and-mapping-out-innovation-at-nice

27. World Health Organization. Health equity. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.who.int/health-topics/health-equity#tab=tab_1

28. Bathija P, Reynolds D. How health equity impacts outcomes. American Hospital Association. December 11, 2019. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.aha.org/news/blog/2019-12-11-how-health-equity-impacts-outcomes

29. National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. What is health equity? National Institutes of Health. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.nimhd.nih.gov/resources/understanding-health-disparities/health-equity.html

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35. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA grants accelerated approval to adagrasib for KRAS G12C-mutated NSCLC. December 12, 2022. Accessed November 5, 2023. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resources-information-approved-drugs/fda-grants-accelerated-approval-adagrasib-kras-g12c-mutated-nsclc

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Acknowledgements...

The Society would like to thank all of the members of the Health Science Policy Council and its committees for their thought leadership and advisory role in guiding the development of the “2024-2025 Top 10 HEOR Trends” report.

EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE

University of Calgary Calgary, AB, Canada

Newell McElwee, PharmD, MSPH Past Chair, Health Science Policy Council Retired HEOR Professional Gwynedd Valley, PA, USA

POLICY OUTLOOK COMMITTEE

Sita Ratna Devi Duddi, MBBS, MBA Co-Chair, Policy Outlook Committee Dakshayani and Amaravati Health and Education Gurugram, Haryana, India

Seattle, WA, USA

Suliman Alghnam, PhD, MHA King Abdullah International Medical Research Center Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Washington, DC, USA

Amanda Cole, PhD Office of Health Economics London, England, UK

Virginia Beach, VA, USA

Eduardo Gonzalez-Pier, PhD Center for Global Development Mexico City, Mexico

Freiburg, Germany

Jan Elias Hansen, PhD Genentech South San Francisco, CA, USA

Tokyo, Japan

Finn Børlum Kristensen, MD, PhD University of Southern Denmark Hilleroed, Denmark

Gwynedd Valley, PA, USA

Eberechukwu Onukwugha, PhD University of Maryland Baltimore, MD, USA

Ottawa, ON, Canada

Teodoro Padilla, MBA Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Association of the Philippines Makati City, Philippines

Laura Sawyer, MSc Symmetron London, England, UK

London, England, UK

Martin Visnansky, MBA, MSc, PharmD, PhD University of Veterinary Medicine and Human Pharmacy Bratislava, Slovakia

SCIENCE RESEARCH COMMITTEE

F. Reed Johnson, PhD Co-Chair, Science Research Committee Duke University Durham, NC, USA

Sha Tin, Hong Kong

J. Jaime Caro, MDCM Evidera Waltham, MA, USA

Monza, Italy

William H. Crown, PhD Brandeis University Waltham, MA, USA

York, England, UK

Stephanie R. Earnshaw, PhD RTI Health Solutions Pittsboro, NC, USA

Cairo, Egypt

Daniel Erku, PhD Griffith University Southport, Queensland, Australia

Rotterdam, The Netherlands

Zoltán Kaló, PhD Semmelweis University Budapest, Hungary

Durham, NC, USA

Diego Rosselli, MD, MEd, MSc Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Bogotá, Colombia

Hwee-Lin Wee, PhD National University of Singapore Singapore, Singapore

TASK FORCE REVIEW COMMITTEE

Joseph Cappelleri, MS, PhD, MPH Co-Chair, Task Force Review Committee Pfizer Inc Newington, CT, USA

Federico Augustovski, MD, MSc, PhD Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy Buenos Aires, Argentina

New York, NY, USA

Daniel C. Malone, RPh, PhD University of Utah Salt Lake City, UT, USA

Calgary, AB, Canada

C. Daniel Mullins, PhD University of Maryland Baltimore, MD, USA

Julia F. Slejko, PhD University of Maryland Baltimore, MD, USA

Praveen Thokala, MASc, PhD University of Sheffield Sheffield, England, UK

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2022-2023 Top 10 HEOR Trends

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Joint effects of ill-health, health shocks and social protection on the intensive margin of labour supply: evidence from Malawi

There is sparse evidence on the joint effects of ill-health, health shocks and social protection on the intensive margin of labour supply, particularly in developing countries. We interact ill-health and healt...

‘The national health insurance policy provides little to no benefit to young persons living with type 1 diabetes (T1D)’: a qualitative study of T1D management cost-burden in Southern Ghana

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) management exerts a considerable financial burden on patients, caregivers, and developing nations at large. In Ghana, a key governments effort to attenuate the financial burden of T1D on ...

Patients’ health care resources utilization and costs estimation across cardiovascular risk categories: insights from the LATINO study

Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) is a global public health concern. This study aimed to estimate the healthcare resource utilization (HRU) and costs stratified by cardiovascular disease (CVD) ris...

Measuring utility values of eye conditions among children in India using the EQ-5D-Y instrument

Vision impairment and blindness are significant global public health challenges, particularly in low- and middle-income countries, where access to eye care services remains limited. India has significantly red...

Impact of post-COVID-19 changes in outpatient chronic patients’ healthcare-seeking behaviors on medical utilization and health outcomes

This study comprehensively investigates the changes in healthcare utilization among chronic patients with regular outpatient visits to hospitals after the occurrence of Covid-19. The research examines whether ...

Assessing the economic burden of vision loss and irreversible legal blindness in Spain (2021–2030): a societal perspective

To estimate the economic impact for the society, generated as a consequence of the onset of loss of vision and irreversible legal blindness, for the main ophthalmologic diseases in Spain: glaucoma, diabetic re...

Kidney transplant cases in US: study of determinants of variance in hospital charges and inpatient care

We investigate the factors that influence the variance in hospital charges and inpatient care for kidney transplant cases in the US. Using the AHRQ’s (Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) HCUP’s (Hospit...

Impact of food price inflation on stunting in under five aged children in Bangladesh

Currently, food price inflation is a widespread issue in Bangladesh as well as the rest of the world. Malnutrition is a common issue among children that can have long-lasting effects on their development and o...

Cost-effectiveness analysis of dupilumab among patients with uncontrolled severe asthma using LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST Korean data

A sub-analysis of the Korean population in the LIBERTY ASTHMA QUEST trial (NCT02414854) revealed that dupilumab effectively treated severe uncontrolled asthma. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness...

Policies and cost analyses of voluntary assisted dying (VAD) laws – a mapping review & analysis

To investigate the current literature on healthcare policies and cost analyses around international Voluntary Assisted Dying (VAD) laws. The study design is a mapping literature review following Preferred-Repo...

Estimating the cost for obstetric fistula repair in hospitals of Mozambique: a low-income country

Obstetric fistula is incident and prevalent in low-income countries. Globally, about 100,000 women develop fistula annually. In Mozambique, more than 2,000 fistulas are reported annually. A national strategy t...

Which factor reduces pharmaceutical expenditure, number of entrants or price variance? Updated generic drug markets in South Korea

Introducing more generics has been a successful strategy for lowering pharmaceutical prices and expenditure. However, the effect of the strategy depends on the pricing schemes for generics. We aimed to update ...

Historical origins of corruption in the Romanian public health system - path dependency and contagion effect

In this paper, we estimate the long-lasting influence of the former Habsburg Empire's border on the territory of Romania, specifically on the prevalence of corrupt behaviour and practices in health services.

Cost of hemophilia A in Brazil: a microcosting study

Patients with Hemophilia are continually monitored at treatment centers to avoid and control bleeding episodes. This study estimated the direct and indirect costs per patient with hemophilia A in Brazil and ev...

Socio-economic inequalities in the use of flu vaccination in Europe: a multilevel approach

The European-wide statistics show that the use of flu vaccination remains low and the differences between countries are significant, as are those between different population groups within each country. Consid...

Health economic evaluation of an electronic mindfulness-based intervention (eMBI) to improve maternal mental health during pregnancy – a randomized controlled trial (RCT)

Anxiety and depression are the most prevalent psychiatric diseases in the peripartum period. They can lead to relevant health consequences for mother and child as well as increased health care resource utiliza...

Efficiency evaluation of 28 health systems by MCDA and DEA

Policymakers, who are constantly discussing growing health expenditures, should know whether the health system is efficient. We can provide them with such information through international health system effici...

The effect of basic public health service equalization on settlement intention of migrant workers in China: the mediating effect model based on subjective feelings

During the 14th Five-Year Plan, China aims to transform rural migrants into urban citizens and ensure equal access to public services to enhance new urbanization. Understanding migrant workers' settlement inte...

A framework for ex-ante evaluation of the potential effects of risk equalization and risk sharing in health insurance markets with regulated competition

Many health insurance markets are organized by principles of regulated competition. Regulators of these markets typically apply risk equalization (aka risk adjustment) and risk sharing to mitigate risk selecti...

Cost of illness of breast cancer in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review

This systematic review explores the cost of illness (COI) studies on breast cancer in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Studies in Cochrane, Proquest Thesis, PubMed and Scopus were considered. The repor...

A decade of liver transplantation in Mongolia: Economic insights and cost analysis

Mongolia introduced liver transplantation 10 years ago, becoming the 46th country globally to successfully perform this procedure. However, the cost of liver transplantation treatment remains expensive in Mong...

Has China’s hierarchical medical system improved doctor-patient relationships?

Developing harmonious doctor-patient relationships is a powerful way to promote the construction of a new pattern of medical reform in developing countries. We aim to analyze the effects of China’s hierarchica...

Economic analysis of digital motor rehabilitation technologies: a systematic review

Rehabilitation technologies offer promising opportunities for interventions for patients with motor disabilities. However, their use in routine care remains limited due to their high cost and persistent doubts...

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Health Economics Review

ISSN: 2191-1991

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200 Health Economics Thesis Topics and Ideas
This page provides a comprehensive list of health economics thesis topics, offering students a variety of research ideas covering healthcare policy, health insurance, public health economics, and the economics of healthcare innovation.The 200 topics are divided into 10 categories, addressing current challenges, recent developments, and future directions in health economics.
99 Health Economics Dissertation Topics
Health Economics, also known as Medical Economics or Healthcare Economics, relates to analyzing several interacting factors that differentiate health provision as a good distinct from other commodities in the market. Health economics research topics deal with the supply and demand side of healthcare and its budgeting decisions.
80 Health Economics Research Topics
In your pursuit of academic excellence, the world of health economics offers many opportunities for impactful research. Whether you are an undergraduate, a master's student, or a doctoral candidate, the diverse spectrum of health economics research topics invites you to explore, investigate, and contribute to the ever-evolving field of healthcare economics.
ISPOR
Health equity has become an increasingly important topic in health economics and outcomes research (HEOR) and in broader healthcare research. The American Hospital Association notes that disparities in health contribute to lower life expectancies (as much as 25 years between neighborhoods in some US cities) and higher rates of preventable ...
Research trends in contemporary health economics: a scientometric
Introduction Health economics is a thriving sub-discipline of economics. Applied health economics research is considered essential in the health care sector and is used extensively by public policy makers. For scholars, it is important to understand the history and status of health economics—when it emerged, the rate of research output, trending topics, and its temporal evolution—to ensure ...
Global trends in the scientific research of the health economics: a
Background Health science is evolving extremely rapidly at worldwide level. There is a large volume of articles about health economics that are published each year. The main purpose of this research is to explore health economics in the world's scholarly literature based on a scient metric analysis to outline the evolution of research in the field. Method The Web of Science repository was used ...
Health Economics
Financing the efficient delivery of medical services while reducing costs for consumers as well as health care providers is among the most challenging domestic policy problems many countries face. RAND addresses health economics issues through innovative, high-profile research in an effort to improve the efficiency of health care organizations, reduce costs for providers and consumers, and ...
Frontiers in Public Health
Part of a multidisciplinary journal, this section welcomes submissions from all areas of theoretical and applied health economics.
Articles
Health Economics Review is an open-access journal covering all aspects of health economics, from a micro- to macro-scale. ... The analysis of health expenditure and its structure takes on a critical significance in national health policy research, and the public welfare of national health undertakings can be manifested by the governm...
Health Economics
Health and Its Value: Overview. E. Nord, in Encyclopedia of Health Economics, 2014 Abstract. In health economics, the concept of health usually refers to functionality of bodily organs, ability to move about and do normal activities of daily living, freedom of symptoms in terms of physical discomfort, and freedom of clinical psychological problems.A person's level of health may be described in ...